Mechanism map
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Pattern recognition
The trade-offs hide in the delivery system
A high-level comparison for remembering the shape of the field. "Repeat dosing" describes the typical product model, not every asset.
Family
Manufacturing
Repeat dosing
Main reach
Defining bottleneck
Small molecules / degraders
Scalable chemistry
Usually yes
Often intracellular
Specificity + resistance
Antibodies / ADCs / bispecifics
Complex biologics
Yes
Cell-surface / extracellular
Immune & payload toxicity
Cells / gene therapy / editing
Most complex
Often one-time
Potentially durable
Delivery, safety, access
mRNA / siRNA / ASO
Sequence platform
Usually yes
Strongest in liver today
Delivery beyond liver
Radiopharma / viruses / microbiome
Specialized networks
Varies
Highly context-specific
Supply + reproducibility